lunes, 18 de junio de 2012

WORKING WOMEN DURING 60´S AND 70´S



Estrella Carrasco Ximénez de Sandoval
Ces Don Bosco
Early Childhood Education Degree
Group: 2nd.A



WORKING WOMEN DURING 60´S AND 70´S
How to understand the discrimination problem in Spain

 


The evolution of women´s role from Franco´s Regime to nowadays, is a clear indicator of how society has changed in the last 50 years in Spain. Knowing this evolution can help us to understand the present situation in Spain, in which women´s discrimination is not overcome at all. The 60´s an 70´s decades were periods where women passed from their families’ subordination to an almost independent role; that´s why hearing the testimony of two women who started working during these years, could help us to understand clearly, how the society understood the “new” women´s role.

The chosen women are, Luisa who started to work in the 70´s in private companies because her family needed more incomes to live and María, who started in the 60´s firstly in a leisure and sport club and a few months ago, after passing state exams, she started in a state department. So we have private and public perspectives.

To understand the situation we have to take a look at Franco´s regime where women were consigned to be a morality model. After Civil War any individual autonomy was keeping off: they couldn´t work at night neither work when they got married, nor hold position in the direction of companies nor sign a contract without the authorization of their husbands. Step by step women were wining some rights, introducing them into different occupations, getting some freedom to decide her life… The arrival of Constitución of 1978 where the equality of people where proclaimed was the beginning of the women´s transition.

Before Spanish Civil War, although women could attend to the university it was very strange to find them there. As María declared “my grandfather didn´t permit to my mother to go to the university. My mother told me that the few women that attended must went with a woman who accompanies them.”
                                                                                       
After Civil War, the presence of women at university was more usual but always in “women’s degrees” like nursery, pharmacy, etc. María commented to us that she knew the first agricultural engineer in Spain and how she had to prove all the time that she was good at Mathematics because to the people´s mind of these years “women were worth less for math”.

About work and companies, we can see two different perspectives: public and private work. To get a job in the state bureau, you had to pass a competitive exam as today. After passing the exam, you got an employ in one of the state departments. From Maria´s point of view this was the kind of job where there was less discrimination, although “there always was a man who told to the women silly comments” but it was usual so women didn’t pay attention because no one would helped them.

Given that, there were only few women that went to the university, the lack of women in high positions of the state departments was notorious. María didn’t remember any female boss during all her career; only one on the top of her department. She observed that her boss had to start in her place with a hard pose to be taken seriously. But this happened at the end of the 80´s almost 20 years before the period we are talking about.

The private company was different. There, the discrimination was remarkable. Women were recruited as cleaning staff or secretaries. There were women as Luisa that started as a secretary, worked hard to demonstrate her value to the company, receiving more responsibility with the same salary. Meanwhile she had male colleagues that were promoted in all respects.

The problem was not only not to be respected as a worker, but not to be respected as a person. If you had a problem with a boss or with a mate –what we know today as “sexual harassment”- you  were alone because nobody would help you; for sure you´d probably be accused of provoking. Luisa remembered she had a problem with a colleague. She didn´t let him go his way; a few years later he became his boss. She had many conflicts working with him.

In the family context things were not different. Even though the prohibition of work after getting married was abolished some years ago, it was very usual for women to stop working when they got married or have sons. The wife or mother´s role was more important. Women left their work to care for their homes as Luisa did. There they had a 24 hour job without payment and sometimes without recognition.

Other people like María decided to continue with their work. Her husband didn’t oppose to her decision but neither encouraged her. It was difficult to understand that a woman wanted to have an identity beyond that of mother or wife. For Maria it was her salvation because some years later she became a widow with 5 children. Other women got divorced when the Divorce Law was approved in 1981[i]. Keeping their job helped them to maintain their independence.

Discrimination is also manifested in wage differentials in general in private companies. For example, a textile labor ordinance established, in 1970, that in the case that women undertake "functions of the male" they would receive a salary of seventy percent[ii]. Luisa that worked in a transport company recognized that the only two women that worked in the company earned less pay.

Women also have another disadvantage, as workers, compared to men: they become pregnant and have children. María gave us a very important though about this matter “We have to change our mind about women because societies need men and women to survive. We can see it now that Spain has an aging society. When a woman has a child, she´s giving one of the most important services to society. She is ensuring the survival of society and this is not granted to women”.

In conclusion, after Franco´s dead the women´s struggle to abolish the discrimination has been notorious. From the first years were women left their jobs to get married and have sons –this is depend on their husbands in all respects– to the acquisition of their own identity and independence, women have suffered many years of inequality and harassment. Knowing history through first hand resources we can understand the past and improve the future.














ESSAY ABOUT WORKING WOMEN (1960-1970)


WORKING WOMEN DURING 1960 – 1970

The 60´s and 70´s decades were a period with many political, sociological, psychological changes in Spain and all of them affected to the women´s role.  This essay will explain how women in this period have gone through a long way of discrimination, inequality and hard work to demonstrate their value for the society. This is a historical event; there is much information recorded, Mass Media... But there are many details hidden, so it is necessary to ask in first hand to women who have lived to see the facts of this discussion.

To obtain this information had been necessary to compare historical data with reality through an interview with two women from two different perspectives. One of them, Luisa spent 25 years in a private transport company which it was called “Signes” during the 70´s and the other was Maria, who worked in the 60´s in a public company, firstly in a leisure and sport club and a few months ago, after passing state exams, she started a job in a State Department. These women are close to our environment and had lived in this period.

During Franco´s Regime women´s role was just simple decorative, but in this years the big changes in women´s life began due to woman begin to find jobs and working. After the Civil War women could not work when they married, or work at night as children too, or sign a contract without the consent of their husbands. The 60´s and 70´s go from Franco´s dead to 1978 Spanish Constitution. The arrival of the 1978 Spanish Constitution was the beginning of the transition of women equal to men.

There were many laws which discriminated women. One of these requirements was the “marital license”, which consisted in the husband´s authorization to allow his wife to work in any job. This was remained until the legislative reform of 1975. Until 1966, women could not work as magistrates, judge and prosecutors from the Justice Administration. Despite this situation some jobs were closed to women, for instance: the Police or the Armed Forces. We must notice that until the constitution of 1978 was not promulgated equality, between men and women were not possible.

In the type of work, there were two different groups of women in working life. The first group was formed by those lower middle-class women who work in women´s typical jobs, such as: assistants, secretaries, teachers, housewives, etc; this is the Luisa´s case, who worked as secretary in a private transportation company to help her family´s economy.

The second group belongs to upper class women who complemented their studies at the University; however there were very few women in engineering´s careers due to the difficulty to enter being a woman. Maria told us a curious anecdote: I still remember that I met the first woman engineer; I have forgotten if she was doing Industrial or Road engineering. In those days there were more women studying Pharmacy or Nursing at the University than engineers. The truth is that there were specific careers for women and a higher proportion of men in the Universities”.

Family´s opinion was very important when women want to participate in the working world. From Luisa´s perspective; getting salary was considered by all members of the family as a male activity, which was only justifiable only if they are widowed. Women´s jobs also meant a danger for family´s institution, due to the economical independence of women, working out of home involving a serious offense to the husband´s dignity. The aim was to keep women out of labor market, especially if they were married. In those days if a woman worked was one humiliation for the man as head of the house. In fact, a law was issued in 2nd May of 1975, which repealed that women could work if they were married.

In the public administration as Maria tells us there was enough equality in selection of women; however was not the same case of private enterprise, as in the case of Luisa, who worked alone with another woman. The selection processes between men and women were different. Women did not have the same labor rights, such as: differences in wages, option to achieve a leadership position, etc. Otherwise, the reasons of this difference in the treatment are caused by the fact that the female condition affects over labor services mainly due to the maternity and its derivations.
This does not seem very logical, if we consider it from the point of view that gives the respondent Maria, who tells us about the great service provided by a woman to society when it has a child and should not affect their working status.

In the private sector: women were selected at the factory, textile centers, hairdressers, etc. They had a minimum level of education (Higher Bachelor). Women, who were lucky to finish High School or a secretarial course of 3 years, were highly regarded and could enter into a private company as a secretary or team leaders.  This is the case of Luisa, who after working 15 years in the same company managed to perform a post of team leaders.

In conclusion, the discrimination of women in the private sector was stronger than in the public one, so there was a clear disadvantage with men.  The role of women between 60´s and 70´s has been relegated to the laws that were issued by men and also made themselves. Today we can see how women are in higher education, so that has led us to experiment a step to be taken into account. From a cultural point of view the man always has enjoyed from a leading position in social and family structure. However the grown woman needs quality and stability in their life for that her welfare and positive energy will be increased, which will allow her spends to her business. Finally it should be clear that the incorporation of women into the world-work is an important and decisive step.

CARNATION REVOLUTION

CARNATION REVOLUTION (REVOLUÇAO DOS CRAVOS).1974


Revolutions have occurred in every singles country and for many reasons, economic, political cultural…; In this case, the Carnation Revolution was a political revolution that had important economic and cultural repercussions. Know, we are going to talk about the Carnation Revolution that took place in Portugal the 25th of April of 1974.
The Carnation Revolution or Revolução dos Cravos was a coup which occurred in the nation of Portugal in 1974. The result was the end of 50 years under a dictatorship, and this cause the beginning of a democratic country.

This story began when in 1926 a military coup established the Estado Novo, and this caused the nascent of the First Republic of Portugal. Later, on the early hours of the 25th of April of 1972, the Carnation Revolution started on the Portuguese nation of Lisbon (the capital). It began with the military presence in the city, the continuous attacks to the governments, the spontaneous demonstration on the streets, and during all this turbulence, the citizens ran out without knowing what was happening.
Carnations were given in the famous central flower market of Lisbon, and many citizens put them into the guns of the soldiers, and this was the inspiration of the “Carnation Revolution” to describe this event in Portuguese history.

Before happening all this turbulent social and political moments, the Estado Novo or Second Republic was the authoritarian regime installed in Portugal in 1933. This political movement was developed by António de Oliveira Salazar, who was the ruler of Portugal from 1932 to 1968.
After introducing the historical events, we should talk a little about how people, particularly my father lived that day, because the 25th of April was the day of freedom (Freedom Day on 25 April is a national holiday in Portugal, with both state-sponsored and spontaneous commemorations praising the elemental civil liberties and political freedoms achieved after the revolution).  For all the Portuguese, caught by surprise, as they could not go to work or school because things were not going as usual. As my father said: "Grandfather went to work, but quickly returned because the street was plenty of militaries, tanks, etc. scared and not knowing what was happening”. That day my father and uncles didn´t went to school and followed everything that happened by the radio and the television.

After starting the day, the old people explained to the little kids what was happening, and what happened was that the dictatorship that existed would end on the 25th of April of 1974. After this, Portugal started to be politically free and more European aligned, because during those years only Portugal and Spain were still under a dictatorship. These two countries started to be freer and aligned with the rest of Europe because of the change in political and social structures.

Before this coup, the country was under a dictatorship and everyone was forced to do what the head of state said. Portugal was under strict political rules and everyone wanted a change. Life before the coup was normal and similar to the countries that were under a dictatorship.

Although the country enter a full democracy, the previous years before that were very turbulent,  but this helped the country (Portugal) to develop lots of factors that helped the country to grow up and get in line with the rest of the European countries that were developed.

Despite a coup is always a good change for a submit country, it also carries on with some negative impacts. The worst moment lived in Lisbon that year, was when the communist party together with some militaries took the control of the government and started the coup. But as I said before, a coup brings bad things (revolution) but also good things, like the end of 48 years of dictatorship.

After the entire coup, the social and political/economic impact was very important. The most important social impact, and the one which nowadays is the most significant, is the 25 of April Bridge. Its construction began in 1962. After a few months it was inaugurated in August 1966, named as the Salazar Bridge. Soon, after the Carnation Revolution in 1974, the bridge was renamed the 25 of April Bridge, the day that the revolution occurred.

A symbol of those times was recorded on film (this is history, based on fact, on the past and on evidences), how the bridge changed through the years and how peoples react to this changes. In Portugal, many avenues, squares, and streets are named after the day of the revolution (25 of April), and they are also many ones named with other cultural and political movements.
And to continue with the economic impact that was permitted the state of Portugal to enter the UE and to become one of the European potential. 

To conclude with this essay about the Carnation Revolution, also named A Revolução dos Cravos, I have to say that it causes a great change in the country because it helped it to become bigger in Europe and to start developing at the same level as the other European potentials.

Juncal´s essay, working women in the 70´s


Working women in the 70´s

We have chosen a topic related to social history, and that is also interesting nowadays: how women of our previous generation got into the labour market. We have interviewed two women, one worked in the private enterprise and the other one worked for the State. We have asked women of these age because we want to know by first hand how was the social change that was happening in Spain in those years.
Brief historical perspective of women at university.  Working and studying has not always been easy for women.  Traditionally, since centuries ago, women have been considered as unable for intellectual works. Even, in Medieval Europe, illustrated, intelligent or independent women were often considered as witches, their intelligence was considered to be taken from the devil in exchange for their souls.  One way or the other, intelligence did not seem to be a female  natural attribute.
So then centuries passed, but still in the 20th century the conception didn’t change, at least in Spain. So therefore, women didn’t work. If the Second Republic implied some steps towards the equality of men and women at work, Franco`s political dictatorship and the social establishment meant several steps backwards. Laws were really strict, women needed their father´s or their husband`s permission. Even being a man was a condition to become a judge, a minister or a major. So the sixties and the seventies were a time of political and social change. Spain´s economy enlarged spectacularly thanks to the industry explosion, population grew due to the better nutrition that happened when the country overcame the destruction caused by the war and food production restarted. As a consequence, many jobs were created and there was a need of work force in the industry. So suddenly, there were many jobs women decided they were suitable for them, and started  going out to prove that. So there you could find a lot of women like our two interviewees: Luisa and María.

María is the first of 5 brothers (3 girls and 2 boys) . She says she didn’t go to university because as a girl she was not supposed to. Even though she was a good student she didn´t insisted in attending college.So she tarted to work when she finished the High School. Her first job was is a Sport and Leisure club making administrative and public relation tasks.After a few months there  she came to Madrid and was preparing state exams to get a job.She was working for the state administration for some years and she says that probably this is the kind of job that had less discrimination.She worked with  both women and men  and of course there were people that made sexist comments but she says that is like nowadays  and she never payed much attention to those comments.
She only had male bosses She never had a problem with any boss except for one who asked her how many children did she had and when answered three he wanted to know if he was planning to have more. She can´t tell us any problem of discrimination because she never suffered it and neither knows anybody who has.
She also gave her opinion on the topic. She thinks that sometimes women have some responsibility in the problem of discrimination because sometimes there are women that use their status as women to make excuses in her job. She thinks a woman should not do this because is cause a great damage to all the other women. Another bit of her opinion is that if  a woman ha  a child  it should be considered as a service for society. Obviously, society needs people, potential workers.
Luisa stopped studying when she finished High School. Then she started working because her family needed her to contribute to the family´s economy, because they wanted to move to a bigger house. So she worked in different places to earn as much as she could until she found a job in a transport company. There were only two women in the company, the rest were male truckers and male bosses too.
Luisa worked as a secretary and was acting as manager because her boss trusted her.  But although she was in charge of many important issues of the company, still she did not earn as much as a male manager would. She was working in this company for seventeen years and enjoyed much of her work, but one day she came across a male colleague who harassed her
This situation was as uncomfortable as today but society´s consideration was completely different from nowadays, so she decided to ignore him until he stopped. Unfortunately, one day he became her boss and took revenge with her and Luisa had to cope with it until she, together with her husband, (one of the truckers) decided that there was no need for her to keep working and she could stay at home with their son, taking care of him and watching he growing up. She thought that was the best way.

As a conclusion, we have seen two similar women  in very different working situations: one in a private company, the other working for the state: one suffering discrimination and harassment, the other not.  There is a clear difference between the public and the private environment: it seems that civil servants behaved more respectfully and politely than the private company workers, even though the background was probably equally sexist: unfortunately as sexist as Spanish society was at the time.


sábado, 16 de junio de 2012

Virginia´s essay: "Franco´s Death". 16/June/2012

Virginia Pérez Navarrete
16-VI-2012
Final Project: Collecting an Oral Story
Social Science
Alfonso López
CES DON BOSCO
2ºA




FRANCO´S DEATH


 
When Franco died, on November 18th 1975, more than two millions of Spanish people felt upset although others were exultant. Most people were disconcerted because he was their Head of State during 40 years: the uncertainty about the future was latent in those ones.
The purpose of this essay is reflecting the atmosphere lived those days in Spain and in a normal Spanish family. Having first hand information, throw a personal interview to one adult who live this transcendental fact, teach you about the continuity of life despite everything. The study of History helps everyone to have a critical though about past facts with a new knowledge and a new perspective, nowadays.
Francisco Franco y Bahamonde,-Franco-, (4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish General, a dictator. He was the leader of the Nationalist military rebellion in the Spanish Civil War and totalitarian Head of State of Spain, from October 1936 (as a unified nation from 1939 onwards) until his death in November 1975. Franco died just after midnight on 20 November 1975, at the age of 82 and two million of Spanish people went to his funeral. Prince Juan Carlos I was his successor as Head of State.
All Spanish people were expectantly to the limited news from TV and Radio. But life was continuing its course. For example, my father, Juan Ernesto Pérez Moreno, was in the hospital on November 20th because her first daughter, after three sons, was born two days before.

In my family there were contradictory feelings; by one hand, Juan, who felt so excited and glad this day due to his personal circumstances. By the other hand, her mother in law was in the room with her daughter, caring to the new granddaughter and inserting 25 pesetas coins into the black and white television. She was crying during the funeral and she recognized some friends in the line of people that were paying last respects to Franco.

Juan was no surprised about her mother in law, part of his family, some friends and the popular reaction and feelings of 2 millions individuals. The shame of those people was easily understandable, as he told me: “A lot of people loved Franco because he improved their lives”.
The country was divided into two sides: those who were against Franco’s Regime and those who lived better when Franco took the power. Those who were in the first side are very well played by actors in “Cuéntame como pasó”, a Spanish TV Show about Spain past.

On the other hand, during Azaña´s Period, before Franco, in Andalusia there were a lot of country houses (cortijos). In those cortijos the owner was like a tyrant, and the workers as his slaves. The owners knew how to read and write, they had access to the culture. When Franco arrived to the power, he solved this situation; farmers, agriculture workers and people in the cities were grateful because they improved their quality of life.

They weren’t afraid to miss freedom, only intellectuals and republicans sector were; they only wanted to eat and give something to eat to their sons. To illustrate their gratitude to Franco, Oriente's Square in Madrid was plenty of people saying good bye to the dictator when he died.

Our country continued its life thanks to people who was able to keep calm and continue working. Juan was as a responsible civil engineer, head of a team of ten young engineers, more than the middle married and expecting for a baby. Naturally, he decided to stay in Galicia, his work place in this moment, instead of going to Cádiz, their family’s city. He needed to be a model for his subordinates.
It’s clear that he was concerned by other issues more relevant for his life than Franco’s Death. He doesn’t remember talks about this fact in their building work and he expressed: “He was an elderly and Prince Juan Carlos was prepared to be the successor”.
Although Franco’s Death was a significant historic fact in Spain, with enormous consequences for the country:  Juan Carlos I in the power, as the new King instead of his father, Don Juan-a Franco’s enemy- Legalization of Republic Party, the first President of Government, Spanish New Law: Constitution (1978), for my father Franco’s Death was an anecdote in his daily routine.
Juan read about those consequences in History Books because he was expatriated by his company. After finish the colossal bridge, to be grateful with a good job, his boss sent the family to Venezuela during four years to solve other complicated civil building. In simple terms he didn’t live the far-reaching effects of Franco’s death in Spain.
In the course of time, the behaviour of her girl, her little daughter, was sometimes similar to a dictator: she was able to “fight” against her three older brothers, she always was right- at least she believed it-, she never felt frightened and she loved discussions when she approached adolescence. They invented a joke comparing her with the reincarnation of Franco. It’s surprising that someone you love so much, in this special case, my father, was able to tell me a lot of my faults, face to face!.
But I preferred think that Franco’s Death was necessary for my arrival to our wonderful and free country. It’s a fascinating metaphor; one death, one born in the same week; the most important death for Spanish population, the most important born for my parents, especially for my mother, who wish a “doll” to brush my hair and to dress me all in pink.
To draw a conclusion, when you have important issues to deal in your private life, historical facts are feeling with less intensity because you are concerned in your own daily routine. You are working hard and trying to enjoy with your family.
Juan lived Franco’s death as a normal and expected fact, and I admire him because he is not an extremist man-as other members of my family. He is a clever one and I am so proud of him: he is a good father and boss, always thinking to do the best for his family and for his company.
Most of human beings continue living their lives normally although the political, economic, and cultural facts will be awe-inspiring. You have no solutions, not time to attempt to everything, so you order your priorities and continue working, loving your family and doing the best.


Virginia Pérez Navarrete
* WEAKNESS POINTS TO IMPROVE IN OTHER ESSAYS
A lot of them! The use of shorter sentences, being less emotive and subjective and more objective…a lot of my faults …but I tried to solve in this second opportunity.
Our interview was so interesting, but so long. My father and me love to speak so we stayed half and an hour talking. I need to summarize a lot for the essay. But, to be honest, I wanted to record this interview in order to have a beautiful conversation with my father to save for the future. I love him so much and he is near 70, so...I took my time to listen his answers and made new questions while he was speaking…
Next time I will check the recorder of my mobile before start-if my Journalism’s teachers could see me now…because the sound is lower than I wish. A novice mistake!
If I could interview to my uncle Yeyo too, a socialist individual who was in the hospital when I was born, perhaps I would have a complete-but different- perspective of Franco’s Death.

* BACKGROUND WEBSITES



viernes, 11 de mayo de 2012



Project One: Urban Geography
Comparing liveability for families with dogs in different neighborhoods (III).


This is our third and last post about the ranking of the best neighbourhoods to live with your dog.
In this post we want to explain the results of our report.

- First of all we have to explain our methodology.
We have made this report using three main methods: observation of the neighbourhoods to see the sidewalks (width and trees), services,  shops, etc.; researching through internet to find vets, shops, dog walkers, parks, etc.; asking to the official council for registers of dogs and to veterinaries to know the number of dogs, bag dispensers, etc.

- Second we have normalized data with different criteria.
We established Ciudad Universitaria as our base neighborhood and we normalized all the results to 10 (except trees because CU has a very low punctuation of trees). After this we compared the other neighbourhoods to make the ranking.
Finally we got the totals of the three different categories and we weighted them:
We have given a weight of 80%  to the leisure time category because we have considered that the time you spend with your dog outside makes you choose neighbourhoods with parks, good streets, dog zones, etc before the ones who have not that.
It´s important to remark that according to the laws of the Madrid City Council you are not allowed to take your dog loose on the street (http://www.disfrutadetuperro.com/sisoucan/horarios-perros-sueltos-lugares-publicos/). That´s why dog zones are so important.

For the healthcare category we have given a weight of 15% because of the reasons we explained in our last post: veterinaries, pet shops, dog groomers are important but if you have your trusted professional you prefer to move to other neighbourhood to take your pet than to change to another vet you don´t know.

For the dog tolerance in public places we have given a weight of 5% because these factors have a little weight in your choice. Is and advantage if there are places where dogs are welcome, but the law in Spain gives freedom to the shops owners to avoid or permit the entry of animals. You can´t control this factor.
 Besides in Madrid you can find a lot of bars where you can sit outside with your dog but they are not considered “tolerant” so the data will not be “real” and we think is not as important as the other categories.
Maybe with more time we could get accurate data.

- Third: THE RESULTS
These are the results of our research:

GENERAL DATA

CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA

RECOLETOS

MARROQUINA

SURFACE
1425 Ha

87 ha

179 ha

POPULATION (2009)
16117

15400

30330

NUMBER OF HOMES (año 2001)
7591

8984

11952








LEISURE TIME
NUMBER OF DOGS
1.325

2.310

8.232

DOGS PER RESIDENT
1 PER 13
10
1 PER 7
19
1 PER 4
31
PARKS
4 (ABOUT 700.000 m2)
10
1 (ABOUT 20.000 m2)
0
4 (ABOUT 600.000 m2)
9

Almansa 12.651 m2

Jardín del Descubrimiento 20.347m2

Parque de la Cuña Verde  413.588m2


Francos Rodríguez 26.407 m2



Parque de Moratalaz  49158 m²


Parque de Juan XXIII 14381



Jardín Dionisio Ridruejo 33606 m²


Parque Dehesa de la Villa 645.309  m2

1 per 3 metres

Parque Vandel  58930 m²

DOG ZONE
1
10
0
0
2
20
Width of the Sidewalk
2 m
10
3
15
2 meters
10
DOG WALKERS
7
10
38
54
25
36
 trees
1 per each 20 m.
5
1 per 3 metres
10
1 tree per each 3 meters
10
PUBLIC BAG SPOTS
22
10
30
13
60
27
TOTAL LEISURE TIME


65

111

142
HEALTHCARE OF DOGS
PET SHOPS
2
10
3
15
2
10
VETERINARIES
2
10
5
25
4
20
24 hours service
2
10
5
25
1
5
DOG GROOMERS
2
10
1
5
2
10
ANIMAL SHELTER
0
0
0
0
0
0
TOTAL HEALTHCARE


40

70

45
DOG TOLERANCE IN PUBLIC PLACES
HOTELS
0

1

0

RESTAURANTS
0

22

0

SUPERMARKETS
0

0

0




AND THESE ARE THE TOTAL RESULTS WITH THE PERCENTAGE WEIGHT APPLIED
Ciudad Universitaria
Recoletos
Marroquina
TOTAL LEISURE TIME (80%)
52
89
114
TOTAL HEALTHCARE (15%)
6
11
6,75
TOTAL DOG TOLERANCE
0
0
0
FINAL RESULTS
58
99
120


We want to comment some of the most interesting results of our research:
We have calculated the surface of green areas in each neighbourhood and we have investigated the number of dog zones.
  • In C. U there are 4 big parks, nearly 700.000 m2 of green areas (4 parks) but only one zone is specifically for dogs.
  • In Marroquina there are 4 parks (almost 600.000 m2), but there are two dog zone.
  • Finally in Recoletos, there is 1 park (more than 20.000 m2 of green areas) and none  dog zones.
We divided the number of residents of each neighbourhood (Hall Town Webpage Data http://www.madrid.es/portal/site/munimadrid/menuitem.199479e61b01b0aa7d245f019fc08a0c/?vgnextoid=24b53824affca010VgnVCM1000009b25680aRCRD&vgnextchannel=7d06c4e37504a010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD&pk=1100525) by the number of dogs in each on (Veterinary Surgeon Association of Madrid Interview) and we obtained one surprising result:
·         In Marroquina there is 1 dog per every 4 residents (30.330 residents/8.232 dogs)
·          In Recoletos, there is 1 dog per every 7 residents (15.400residents /2.310 dogs)
·          In Ciudad Universitaria, there is one dog per every 13 residents (16.117 residents/1.325 dogs).



So finally the conclusion is that the best neighbourhood among those three to live with dogs is MARROQUINA WITH A FINAL SCORE OF 120, followed by Recoletos (99) and in the last position of the ranking Ciudad Universitaria (58)



Power point presentation: